# Architecture & Technical Design – PulseDock

## Overview
PulseDock is built on modern C# .NET 10 WPF architecture leveraging Dependency Injection, MVVM separation, and non-blocking background telemetry sampling.

```
                    ┌─────────────────────────┐
                    │    App Bootstrapper     │
                    │   (Microsoft.Extensions │
                    │   .DependencyInjection) │
                    └────────────┬────────────┘
                                 │
         ┌───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┐
         ▼                       ▼                       ▼
┌──────────────────┐    ┌──────────────────┐    ┌──────────────────┐
│  Hardware        │    │ Settings &       │    │ Theme & Position │
│  Monitoring      │    │ Notifications    │    │ Management       │
│  Service         │    │ Services         │    │ Services         │
└────────┬─────────┘    └────────┬─────────┘    └────────┬─────────┘
         │                       │                       │
         └───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┘
                                 ▼
                     ┌───────────────────────┐
                     │   MainWidgetViewModel │
                     └───────────┬───────────┘
                                 ▼
                     ┌───────────────────────┐
                     │  MainWindow (WPF UI)  │
                     │  Glassmorphism XAML   │
                     └───────────────────────┘
```

## Key Architectural Principles

1. **Non-Blocking Telemetry Polling**:
   - `HardwareMonitoringService` executes hardware polling on background tasks via `PeriodicTimer` and `CancellationToken`.
   - Never blocks the WPF UI thread (`Dispatcher.InvokeAsync` marshals updates cleanly).

2. **Non-Elevated Safe Fallbacks**:
   - Standard user mode startup.
   - If `LibreHardwareMonitorLib` kernel driver access is denied without Admin rights, it automatically falls back to `PerformanceCounter`, WMI, `NetworkInterface`, and `System.Diagnostics` without crashing.

3. **Memory Optimization**:
   - `CircularBuffer<T>` allocates fixed-size arrays for 60s/300s/900s history arrays.
   - Zero endless GC allocations during long runtime sessions.

4. **Custom WPF Drawing Controls**:
   - `SparklineControl` and `ProgressRingControl` derive directly from `FrameworkElement` using `DrawingContext`, bypassing heavy WPF layout trees for rendering.